@phdthesis{oai:ir.kagoshima-u.ac.jp:00010329,
 author = {敖, 常偉 and Ao, Changwei},
 month = {2016-10-28, 2016-10-28},
 note = {学位論文の要旨, 学位論文本文, Three Chinese and thirteen Okinawan traditional medicinal plants were selected in this study for their common use on anticancer, anti-arthritis, and anti-inflammatory purposes. However, the mechanisms of disease treatments and active components concerning most of these plants have not yet been clearly elucidated. Inhibitory activities against cyclooxygenase (COX), collagenase 3 (MMP-13) and hyaluronidase are often used to evaluate anti-tumor and anti-inflammatory abilities in some plant extracts or compounds. The anti-oxidative activity has been confirmed contributing kinds of cancer and inflammatory preventions because of its multiple functional roles. The objectives of this study were to evaluate the inflammatory related enzymes inhibitory and antioxidant activities of the selected herbs and some active compounds were identified or purified by activity-guided methods.  
Sophora. subprostrata showed the highest COX inhibitory and antioxidant activities among three Chinese herbs, therefore it was selected for further isolating bioactive compounds. Two alkaloids matrine and oxymatrine were isolated and identified from aerial portion of S. subprostrata. The IC50 values of matrine against COX-1 and COX-2 were 7.8 and 47 μg/ml, respectively, while oxymatrine exhibited 52.5 and 102.2 μg/ml values. This was the first report on COX inhibitory activity of matrine and oxymatrine in vitro, thus it may provide certain scientific supports for the medicinal use of these two compounds from S. subprostrata for inflammatory disorders.  
As results of screening MMP-13 inhibitory and antioxidant activities in Okinawan herbs, Curcuma longa, Ocimum basilicum and Curcuma aromatica extracts showed high inhibitory effect on MMP-13 with IC50 values of 27.8, 81.7 and 85.8 μg/ml, respectively. The chemical compositions of these three plant extracts were analyzed by LC-MS. Curcumin and rosmarinic acid were identified and quantified in the extracts of C. longa, C. aromatica, and O. basilicum. Both curcumin and rosmarinic acid exhibited high MMP-13 inhibitory activity with IC50 of 3.6 and 2.9 μM, respectively. Ficus microcarpa exerted the strongest antioxidant activity among the thirteen plants tested, so it was selected for further separation. The high antioxidant and antibacterial activities were found in ethyl acetate fraction of F. microcarpa bark and aerial root extracts. Twelve phenolic compounds were identified in this fraction through GC-MS and HPLC analyses. Methanol extract of F. microcarpa bark also showed potential inhibitory activity against hyaluronidase. Activity-guided further purification was performed by repeated Sephadex LH-20 column and preparative HPLC. Seven compounds were isolated and identified as protocatechuic acid, chlorogenic acid, methyl chlorogenate, catechin, epicatechin, procyanidin B1 and procyanidin B3 by analyses of ESI/MS, 1H and 13C-NMR. Except protocatechuic acid and catechin, other five compounds were reported for the first time in F. microcarpa. All isolated compounds showed strong antioxidant activity when tested by three different methods. Catechin, epicatechin, procyanidin B1 and procyanidin B3 exhibited excellent inhibitory activity against hyaluronidase.  
In summary, the results provided certainly pharmacological explanation of using C. longa, C. aromatica, O. basilicum and F. microcarpa in the folk medicine of the Ryukyu Islands. The findings suggested that the extract of F. microcarpa might be utilized as a potential source of natural antioxidant, antibacterial and hyaluronidase inhibitor in functional food industry., 連合農学研究科博士論文(農学) ; 学位取得日: 平成21年3月16日},
 school = {鹿児島大学},
 title = {Studies on antioxidant, antibacterial and anti-inflammatory active compounds from medicinal plants},
 year = {},
 yomi = {オー, チィンウェイ}
}