@article{oai:ir.kagoshima-u.ac.jp:00010666,
 author = {TORII, Shuichi and 鳥居, 修一 and YANO, Toshiaki and 矢野, 利明 and IWASHITA, Masatatsu and 岩下, 正竜 and NISHINOHARA, Hideki and 西ノ原, 英樹},
 journal = {鹿児島大学工学部研究報告, The research reports of the Faculty of Engineering, Kagoshima University},
 month = {Sep},
 note = {An experimental study has been performed on hydrogen jet diffusion flames from vertical
circular nozzles burning in free air. The direct photographic method was employed to investigate the influence of fuel flow rate and nozzle diameter, d, on the flame morphology. Emphasis was placed on the determination of the flame length, L_f, over a wide range of the fuel flow rate. It became clear that (i) as the nozzle velocty is increased from zero, the flame burning under conditions of mixing with air is induced and its length is monotonically increased until a laminar-to-turbulent
transition occurs, and (ii) after the transition takes place, the turbulent flame length is substantially independent of further increase in fuel jet velocity. A few relationships pertinent to the flame
length, i.e. L_f versus u_j, L_f/d versus, Re, and L_f/d versus d, were proposed and examined. In the laminar diffusion flame case, effects of nozzle diameter and Reynolds number on the flame length
appear if the experimental data are summarized using the dimensionless flame length, L_f/d. In contrast, a slight effect of the turbulent diffusion flame is observed. The hydrogen diffusion flames, for
the burner tube of 1.24mm i.d., are found to be perfectly stable at a nozzle velocity of 300m/s.},
 pages = {7--12},
 title = {An Experimental Study on Flame Characteristics of Hydrogen Diffusion Flames},
 volume = {35},
 year = {1993}
}