@article{oai:ir.kagoshima-u.ac.jp:00008186,
 author = {片岡, 千賀之},
 issue = {1},
 journal = {南海研紀要},
 month = {2016-10-28},
 note = {Industrial fisheries in Papua New Guinea have made great contributions to
the national revenue, to related industries, and to the increase of labor opportunities.
At the same time, these fisheries have been improved by foreign dominated companies,
in many cases joint-ventures. For this reason a complex issues between
Papua New Guinea and the capitalist management has developed, adding fisheries
to the North-South Issue. This paper aims to specify the characteristics of industrial
fisheries development in Papua New Guinea from the North-South Issue point of view., 1. Tuna fishery, According to the Australia/Japan Agreement, Papua New Guinea gave exclusive
access to its waters to Japanese vessels in return for Japanese cooperation in Papua
New Guinea's tuna industry development. Thus four tuna fishing companies were
established in 1971-1972. The fishing agreement emphasized the necessity for a
progressive localization of all the activities related to the fishery, aiming to build an industry manned almost entirely by Papua New Guineans within a decade. A brief outline of the history of this fishery is as follows. First the high concentration
of bait fish in the Bismarck Sea was put to use. The use of pole and line techniques with live bait, catcherboats and mothership, expertise coming from Okinawa.
Then there was a shift in recent years from tuna to skipjack fishing and a bond
was formed between fishing and trade companies to find opportunities to export
tuna to the developed countries.
The skipjack tuna fishery had to deal with the worldwide economic recession
and the appearance highly competitive purse seiners in the South Pacific. In addition,
the Papua New Guinea Government, expecting an improvement of the economic situation, required the implementation of the localization process. As a consequence,
all the companies stopped their operation between 1976 and 1982 and two tuna
processing companies established in 1972 and 1978 had no work. This breakdown
caused widespread unemployment, loss of royalties, and dramaticly affected related
industries. Now the Papua New Guinea and Okinawa Prefectural Government are
confirming negotiations to revive the tuna fishery started in 1983., 2. Prawn fishery, Beginning in 1967, prawn survey licences for the nothern Gulf of Papua were
granted to joint-venture companies, mostly Japanese. However, such experimental
trials failed due to restricted access to fishing grounds and seasonal nature of the
operation. With the relaxation of the restrictions in 1975, commercial licences were issued and prawn fishing became economical. The fishery had been mainly led by three Japanese dominated companies. In 1978 two joint-ventures between this
companies and local governments were established. One of those expanded and
completing dominated the fishing operation and the other two companies withdrew
until 1982 because of taxation. Even during the recession, the economic conditions
of prawn marketing remained favourable. Nevertheless, the limited nature of the
resources has restricted its development and limited its socio-economic role in the
nation in comparison with the tuna fishery.
The fact that, till now, localization only provided employment while the majority
of the invested capital and fisheries expertise came from foreign countries, points
out the necessity to overcome the poor fishing techniques and management, lack
of investment, as well as to develop fish marketing strategies.},
 pages = {66--85},
 title = {パプア・ニューギニアにおける資本制漁業の展開と現地化政策},
 volume = {5},
 year = {}
}