@article{oai:ir.kagoshima-u.ac.jp:00008239,
 author = {中川, 進},
 journal = {南方海域調査研究報告=Occasional Papers},
 month = {2016-10-28},
 note = {This paper examines the reasons why the nonoil producing Republic of the Philippines
and the oil producing Republic of Indonesia in the South Pacific, are both developing
their geothermal energy. The related technical assistance of Japan in each country is briefly reviewed.
Because there are no known oil reserves in the Philippines, the use of imported oil
greatly affects the balance of imports and exports.
Therefore, the Philippine Government is planning to develop its domestic energy such
as hydro-electric, coal, geothermal and renewable energy and to decrease its consumption of oil.
As a result of her efforts, the Philippines had become the second largest producer
of geothermal energy in the world by 1983.
Japanese technical assistance on geothermal energy began in the Buguias area, Luzon
Island, the Philippines in 1980, but it has stopped because of domestic unrest and restarted at Acupan-Itogon area near Baguio city, Luzon Island.
Acupan and Itogon are the names of two gold mines. Acupan is one of the largest
mines in the world and hot water and steam are presently spouting out of fractures and
testing bore-holes on the walls of the galleries. A project to divert the steam and hot water from the mine, and thereby improving the underground environment by means of a geothermal well, has not yet been completed.
In Indonesia, the balance of trade is continueing to be positive because of the export of oil. However the Indonesian Government is making an effort to promote the development of hydro-electric, coal and geothermal energy etc. in order to export as much oil as possible.
The development of geothermal energy in Indonesia is not advanced at present, but
is promising because of its large geothermal reserves throughout her many Islands.
Japanese technical assistance on geothermal energy had been made use of in the
Lempur area, Sumatra Island from 1979 to 1983. The Lempur area is located at the
south-east of Mt.Kerinch, one of active volcanoes along Sumatra in parallel with the
trench of the Java plate. In this area, the construction of a geothermal power plant is expected to help meet the demands of a tea factory and of the general public. Although the Philippines and Indonesia are different from each other in respect to
domestic oil reserves, both countries have following common characteristics;
(1) They are composed of many islands and have no systematic networks of high
power cables
(2) They have no huge factories consuming large amounts of electric power and no
large cities with big civilian demands, and therefore
(3) It would be advisable for them to make many rather small 50 MW class geothermal plants for local energy demands.
Japanese technological assistance has helped some in the past and we expect that
it will be more helpful in the future as these countries continue to develop., ※（目次表記別名タイトル）Geothermal Energy in the South Pacific and Related Co-operation of Japan},
 pages = {25--40},
 title = {南方海域の地熱と日本の関係技術},
 volume = {11},
 year = {}
}