{"created":"2023-07-25T08:08:51.181842+00:00","id":8323,"links":{},"metadata":{"_buckets":{"deposit":"9e20120e-a0e0-4cb7-94eb-da59038c4284"},"_deposit":{"created_by":29,"id":"8323","owners":[29],"pid":{"revision_id":0,"type":"depid","value":"8323"},"status":"published"},"_oai":{"id":"oai:ir.kagoshima-u.ac.jp:00008323","sets":["228:280:4983","41:42"]},"author_link":["67193"],"item_7_biblio_info_5":{"attribute_name":"収録雑誌名","attribute_value_mlt":[{"bibliographicIssueDates":{"bibliographicIssueDate":"1962-01-01","bibliographicIssueDateType":"Issued"},"bibliographicPageEnd":"81","bibliographicPageStart":"26","bibliographicVolumeNumber":"14","bibliographic_titles":[{"bibliographic_title":"鹿児島大学教育学部研究紀要. 自然科学編","bibliographic_titleLang":"ja"},{"bibliographic_title":"Bulletin of the Faculty of Education, Kagoshima University. Natural science","bibliographic_titleLang":"en"}]}]},"item_7_date_6":{"attribute_name":"作成日","attribute_value_mlt":[{"subitem_date_issued_datetime":"1962-01-01","subitem_date_issued_type":"Issued"}]},"item_7_description_4":{"attribute_name":"要約(Abstract)","attribute_value_mlt":[{"subitem_description":"The pine bark beetle is a general term for those beetles which penetrate the bark\nand live in the bast and sap wood, such as Ipidae, Curculionidae, Cerambycidae and so\non. But much in this field is left ecologically unexplored, and the students are by no\nmeans many. The writer studied th typical species from the standpoint of physiological\necology and arrived at some conclusions concerning the effect of temperature on the\nactivities of adult and larva, hatching, growth rate during the period of larva, and the development at every stage of population.","subitem_description_language":"en","subitem_description_type":"Other"},{"subitem_description":"1) Thermal reaction was studied after Motomura's rising temperature method\n(1938). As a result of experiments, it was revealed that, Ipidae can withstand both high\nand low temperatures, and show great adaptability. Cerambycidae are affected by low temperatures most easily of all kinds of pine bark beetles, but can withstand high\ntemperatures.\nIn the case of Curculionidae, adult has a wider range of activity than larva, and\nthis species stands in between the above-mentioned two species in activity.\nTheir activities in the field were also observed. Ipidae are active both in winter\nand in midsummer, and are distributed throughout the country. Cerambycidae do much\ndamage in high summer, and many kinds are of southern origin. Their distribution is\nlimited to Honsyu and southward. Ceramb ycrdaeaie activ eduring the damp season of May and June. Most of this species are of southern origin and primary harmful insects.\nThose northern origin are few.","subitem_description_language":"en","subitem_description_type":"Other"},{"subitem_description":"2) Relations between the hatching of Ipidae and temperature were studied using\nover-saturated salt solutions of ZWOLLEFER. Hatching took place at temperatures ranging\nfrom 13°C to 33°C, and relative humidity was 90% with Myelophilus piniperda Linnaeus,\nand more than 70-80% with Cryphalus fulvus Niijima. A considerably high humidity is\nrequired. It seems that this is because egg are lacking the controlling mechanism\nagainst physical loss of water, but since in the field they are laid beneath the bark\nwhere the humidity is high, it is inferred that the hatching rate is considerably high,\nThe length of time necessary for hatching shortens according as the temperatures\nrises, but the length of time is not uniform at low temperatures. In the case of\nMyelophilus piniperda Linnaeus, the period of egg stage shortens with a fall in humidity, and in the case of Cryphalus fulvus Niijima, the period of egg stage lengthens with a fall in humidity.","subitem_description_language":"en","subitem_description_type":"Other"},{"subitem_description":"3) Individual breeding of pine bark beetles was carried out, and date for determining\ninstar were obtained by measuring the head width. Growth rate was apploied to\nvarious formula, and their adaptability was tested, and at the same time individual\nvariation was discussed.\nIn the case of Myelophilus piniperda L., the growth rate is almost the same in\nevery instar, and the growth rate is applicable to GAINES and CAMPBELL's formula the best. In the case of Cryptorrhynchus insidiosus Roelofs, there are the 7th and 8th\ninstar larvae, and in both cases the growth rate applies to GAINES and CAMPBELL's\nformula and Tokunaga's formula the best. In the case of Monochamus tesserulla white,\nthe number of moulting is not definite, but the 7th, 8th and 9th instar larvae are found.\nIt seems that this variation is due to the influence of temperature, humidity and\nnourishment. The growth rate applied to GAINES and CAMPBELL's formula the best in\nthe　7th and　8th instar larvae. Myelophilus piniperda L. have the least individual\nvariations, while Monochamuo tesserul White are most varies both in number of\nmoulting and growth rate, and Cryptorrhynchus insidiosus Roelofs stands between the two.","subitem_description_language":"en","subitem_description_type":"Other"},{"subitem_description":"4) The development of population of Ipidae was studied using boxes of　fixed\ntemperature (30°c, 24°c and 16°c). In the case of Myelophilus piniperda Linnaeus, at\n24°c, larva group appears 5-20　days later, pupa group 25 days later and new adult\ngroup appears 35 days later, and then flight hole takes place in 40 days. At 16°c, larva\ngroup appears 15-45　days later, pupa group 55 days later and adult group appears 65\ndays later, but the process is not uniform. In the case of Cryphalus fulvus Niijima, at\n30°c, larva group appears after the lapse of 5-15 days, and though pupa group is not\nmarked because of the short period, adult group appear in some 20 days and at the\nsame time flight hole takes place. Adults live for about 30 days, and eggs are laid for\n20 days. At 16°c, larva group appears 5-30 days later, pupa group 35-40 days later and\nat the same time adult group appears sporadically. Flight hole takes place on the 45th day, but few of the new adults fly out because of the low temperature. Adults can\nlive for about 40 days, and at the same time eggs are laid little by little.","subitem_description_language":"en","subitem_description_type":"Other"}]},"item_7_publisher_23":{"attribute_name":"公開者・出版者","attribute_value_mlt":[{"subitem_publisher":"鹿児島大学","subitem_publisher_language":"ja"},{"subitem_publisher":"Kagoshima University","subitem_publisher_language":"en"}]},"item_7_source_id_7":{"attribute_name":"ISSN","attribute_value_mlt":[{"subitem_source_identifier":"03896692","subitem_source_identifier_type":"PISSN"}]},"item_7_source_id_9":{"attribute_name":"NII書誌ID","attribute_value_mlt":[{"subitem_source_identifier":"AN00040261","subitem_source_identifier_type":"NCID"}]},"item_7_subject_15":{"attribute_name":"NDC","attribute_value_mlt":[{"subitem_subject":"486","subitem_subject_scheme":"NDC"}]},"item_7_version_type_14":{"attribute_name":"著者版フラグ","attribute_value_mlt":[{"subitem_version_resource":"http://purl.org/coar/version/c_970fb48d4fbd8a85","subitem_version_type":"VoR"}]},"item_access_right":{"attribute_name":"アクセス権","attribute_value_mlt":[{"subitem_access_right":"open access","subitem_access_right_uri":"http://purl.org/coar/access_right/c_abf2"}]},"item_creator":{"attribute_name":"著者","attribute_type":"creator","attribute_value_mlt":[{"creatorNames":[{"creatorName":"ISHIKUBO, Shigeru","creatorNameLang":"en"},{"creatorName":"石窪, 繁","creatorNameLang":"ja"}],"nameIdentifiers":[{"nameIdentifier":"67193","nameIdentifierScheme":"WEKO"}]}]},"item_files":{"attribute_name":"ファイル情報","attribute_type":"file","attribute_value_mlt":[{"accessrole":"open_date","date":[{"dateType":"Available","dateValue":"2016-10-28"}],"displaytype":"detail","fileDate":[{"fileDateType":"Issued","fileDateValue":"1962-01-01"}],"filename":"AN00040261_v14_p26-81.pdf","filesize":[{"value":"61.1 MB"}],"format":"application/pdf","mimetype":"application/pdf","url":{"label":"AN00040261_v14_p26-81.pdf","objectType":"fulltext","url":"https://ir.kagoshima-u.ac.jp/record/8323/files/AN00040261_v14_p26-81.pdf"},"version_id":"d8789da6-4093-4ae6-92e3-7b69a5442308"}]},"item_language":{"attribute_name":"言語","attribute_value_mlt":[{"subitem_language":"eng"}]},"item_resource_type":{"attribute_name":"資源タイプ","attribute_value_mlt":[{"resourcetype":"departmental bulletin paper","resourceuri":"http://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_6501"}]},"item_title":"Physiological and Ecological Studies on the Pine Bark Beetles","item_titles":{"attribute_name":"タイトル","attribute_value_mlt":[{"subitem_title":"Physiological and Ecological Studies on the Pine Bark Beetles","subitem_title_language":"en"}]},"item_type_id":"7","owner":"29","path":["42","4983"],"pubdate":{"attribute_name":"PubDate","attribute_value":"2013-07-29"},"publish_date":"2013-07-29","publish_status":"0","recid":"8323","relation_version_is_last":true,"title":["Physiological and Ecological Studies on the Pine Bark Beetles"],"weko_creator_id":"29","weko_shared_id":-1},"updated":"2024-12-16T07:19:37.978888+00:00"}