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上ビルマの一農村における年中儀礼と二元性
http://hdl.handle.net/10232/15597
http://hdl.handle.net/10232/1559794013a05-c177-4a87-8995-1356b87c82b7
| 名前 / ファイル | ライセンス | アクション |
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AN00182029_v1-1_P93-141.pdf (44.5 MB)
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| Item type | 紀要論文 / Departmental Bulletin Paper(1) | |||||
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| 公開日 | 2015-06-10 | |||||
| タイトル | ||||||
| タイトル | 上ビルマの一農村における年中儀礼と二元性 | |||||
| タイトル言語 | ja | |||||
| タイトル | ||||||
| タイトル | Annual-cycle ceremonies and dualism in one village in Upper Burma | |||||
| タイトル言語 | en | |||||
| 著者 |
田村, 克己
× 田村, 克己 |
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| 言語 | ||||||
| 言語 | jpn | |||||
| 資源タイプ | ||||||
| 資源タイプ識別子 | http://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_6501 | |||||
| 資源タイプ | departmental bulletin paper | |||||
| 要約 | ||||||
| 内容記述タイプ | Other | |||||
| 内容記述 | The present paper is intended to describe the annual-cycle ceremonies or rituals of mixed-cr p village in Sagaing Township of Upper Burma, 19 miles to the west of Mandalay. The study is based on the analysis of the field data which the author had the opportunity to collect during his stay in 1979-80, through observations and interviews. The object of the study is to present a tentative explanations of the characteristic features of Buddhism and Nat-worship, with their differences, their relevancy to socio-cultural factors, their standing in the Burmese concept of culture. The following are the findings of the present study. |
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| 内容記述言語 | en | |||||
| 要約 | ||||||
| 内容記述タイプ | Other | |||||
| 内容記述 | (1) The purpose of Buddhist rituals is to make merits individually and anyone can participate in them in any from. Coupled with the Buddhist teaching of equalism, this makes the rituals 'open'. It enables anyone to extend and solidify ego-centered personal relationships, the network of which sustains a common ritual 'group', although it could also lead to the unstability of the 'group'. In this sense, it could be said, Buddhist rituals have secular meanings and are 'public'. |
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| 内容記述言語 | en | |||||
| 要約 | ||||||
| 内容記述タイプ | Other | |||||
| 内容記述 | (2) Households and villages have their own guardian nat and their own ritual. One's related (saing) nat is inherited from his ancestors through cognatic descent. In this sense nat-rituals are 'closed' in terms of locality and kinship. Nat-worship is exclusive, individualistic and 'private' in nature, which leads to the lack of social relationship among common nat-believers. Village nat-rituals are very simple compared with Buddhist rituals which are sometimes accompanied with feast and amusements. |
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| 内容記述言語 | en | |||||
| 要約 | ||||||
| 内容記述タイプ | Other | |||||
| 内容記述 | (3) Since women must make more merits than men because of their religious inferiority, more women participate in the Buddhist rituals than men. In addition, men must not be concerned with nat-rituals, since nat is considered to be inferior to men by the villagers. This is in charge of female members. As a consequence, women play an active part both in Buddhist rituals and nat-rituals. This, however, does not mean the matrifocality in the religious or ritual field or in the social structure, due to the existence of the premise of ritual inferiority of women. |
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| 内容記述言語 | en | |||||
| 要約 | ||||||
| 内容記述タイプ | Other | |||||
| 内容記述 | (4) Buddhist monks are ontologically superior to laymen, and, like Buddha, belongs to the 'sacred'. They are not specialists or the agents of rituals, but the object of worship. Nat-kadaw (nat-wife), on the oter hand, is a medium with some supernatural powers, although her status is unofficial and she is somewhat suspected by male members. | |||||
| 内容記述言語 | en | |||||
| 要約 | ||||||
| 内容記述タイプ | Other | |||||
| 内容記述 | (5) Some nat-rituals are agricultural rituals, but agricultual ones are not so conspicuous in the annual-cycle ceremonies. This is because major rituals are Buddhist ones, in which wishes are dissolved into the abstract concept of merit and the seasonal elements are lacking. Some Buddhist rituals such as Kahtein and Htamane-pwe, are originally agricultural ones (but today it has no overt association with agricultural ones). |
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| 内容記述言語 | en | |||||
| 要約 | ||||||
| 内容記述タイプ | Other | |||||
| 内容記述 | (6) In course of a year, there are two major turning points, Thingyan and light festivals, which have some rituals similar to each other. Each of these two festivals precedes an ecological season: one precedes a rainy season, the other a dry season. The rainy season is characterized as Wa, a religious period, while the dry season is featured by secular activities. In this sense the two seasons represent Buddhist concepts of the binary opposition of the sacred and the profane, symbolized by water and fire. |
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| 内容記述言語 | en | |||||
| 要約 | ||||||
| 内容記述タイプ | Other | |||||
| 内容記述 | (7) The Buddhist rituals are typical features of the rainy season while nat-tin, or nat offerings, are features of the dry season, especially of Tabaung month. In planning a house, Buddhist shrines are located in the east of the house, in the direction of water-stand, which is 'open' and 'public' in character, as is mentioned in (1). Hearths, which are 'closed' and 'private' in character, as is mentioned in (2), are placed in the west of the house, in which offerings are made to nat. Here lies the symbolic dualism of water/fire, east/west, 'open'/'closed' and Buddhism/Nat-worship. This dualism leads to a parade of dual items, such as living/dead, fertile/barren, wet/dry, cool/hot, fortune/misfortune, superior/inferior, man/woman and right/left. These have been developed from the binary opposition of Buddhism and Nat-worship. |
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| 内容記述言語 | en | |||||
| 収録雑誌名 |
ja : 南総研紀要 en : Memoirs of the Kagoshima University Research Center for the South Pacific 巻 1, 号 1, p. 93-141, 発行日 1980-12-25 |
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| 作成日 | ||||||
| 日付 | 1980-12-25 | |||||
| 日付タイプ | Issued | |||||
| ISSN | ||||||
| 収録物識別子タイプ | PISSN | |||||
| ISSN | 03895351 | |||||
| NII書誌ID（雑誌） | ||||||
| 収録物識別子タイプ | NCID | |||||
| NC ID | AN00182029 | |||||
| 出版タイプ | ||||||
| 出版タイプ | VoR | |||||
| 出版タイプResource | http://purl.org/coar/version/c_970fb48d4fbd8a85 | |||||
| NDC | ||||||
| 主題Scheme | NDC | |||||
| 主題 | 389 | |||||
| 公開者・出版者 | ||||||
| 出版者 | 鹿児島大学 | |||||
| 出版者言語 | ja | |||||
| 公開者・出版者 | ||||||
| 出版者 | Kagoshima University | |||||
| 出版者言語 | en | |||||
