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Physiological and Ecological Studies on the Pine Bark Beetles
http://hdl.handle.net/10232/18796
http://hdl.handle.net/10232/18796f7aaf5f7-42d3-4cfc-b1f5-bfa971d68464
| 名前 / ファイル | ライセンス | アクション |
|---|---|---|
AN00040261_v14_p26-81.pdf (61.1 MB)
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| Item type | 紀要論文 / Departmental Bulletin Paper(1) | |||||
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| 公開日 | 2013-07-29 | |||||
| タイトル | ||||||
| タイトル | Physiological and Ecological Studies on the Pine Bark Beetles | |||||
| タイトル言語 | en | |||||
| 著者 |
石窪, 繁
× 石窪, 繁 |
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| 言語 | ||||||
| 言語 | eng | |||||
| 資源タイプ | ||||||
| 資源タイプ識別子 | http://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_6501 | |||||
| 資源タイプ | departmental bulletin paper | |||||
| アクセス権 | ||||||
| アクセス権 | open access | |||||
| アクセス権URI | http://purl.org/coar/access_right/c_abf2 | |||||
| 要約 | ||||||
| 内容記述タイプ | Other | |||||
| 内容記述 | The pine bark beetle is a general term for those beetles which penetrate the bark and live in the bast and sap wood, such as Ipidae, Curculionidae, Cerambycidae and so on. But much in this field is left ecologically unexplored, and the students are by no means many. The writer studied th typical species from the standpoint of physiological ecology and arrived at some conclusions concerning the effect of temperature on the activities of adult and larva, hatching, growth rate during the period of larva, and the development at every stage of population. |
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| 内容記述言語 | en | |||||
| 要約 | ||||||
| 内容記述タイプ | Other | |||||
| 内容記述 | 1) Thermal reaction was studied after Motomura's rising temperature method (1938). As a result of experiments, it was revealed that, Ipidae can withstand both high and low temperatures, and show great adaptability. Cerambycidae are affected by low temperatures most easily of all kinds of pine bark beetles, but can withstand high temperatures. In the case of Curculionidae, adult has a wider range of activity than larva, and this species stands in between the above-mentioned two species in activity. Their activities in the field were also observed. Ipidae are active both in winter and in midsummer, and are distributed throughout the country. Cerambycidae do much damage in high summer, and many kinds are of southern origin. Their distribution is limited to Honsyu and southward. Ceramb ycrdaeaie activ eduring the damp season of May and June. Most of this species are of southern origin and primary harmful insects. Those northern origin are few. |
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| 内容記述言語 | en | |||||
| 要約 | ||||||
| 内容記述タイプ | Other | |||||
| 内容記述 | 2) Relations between the hatching of Ipidae and temperature were studied using over-saturated salt solutions of ZWOLLEFER. Hatching took place at temperatures ranging from 13°C to 33°C, and relative humidity was 90% with Myelophilus piniperda Linnaeus, and more than 70-80% with Cryphalus fulvus Niijima. A considerably high humidity is required. It seems that this is because egg are lacking the controlling mechanism against physical loss of water, but since in the field they are laid beneath the bark where the humidity is high, it is inferred that the hatching rate is considerably high, The length of time necessary for hatching shortens according as the temperatures rises, but the length of time is not uniform at low temperatures. In the case of Myelophilus piniperda Linnaeus, the period of egg stage shortens with a fall in humidity, and in the case of Cryphalus fulvus Niijima, the period of egg stage lengthens with a fall in humidity. |
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| 内容記述言語 | en | |||||
| 要約 | ||||||
| 内容記述タイプ | Other | |||||
| 内容記述 | 3) Individual breeding of pine bark beetles was carried out, and date for determining instar were obtained by measuring the head width. Growth rate was apploied to various formula, and their adaptability was tested, and at the same time individual variation was discussed. In the case of Myelophilus piniperda L., the growth rate is almost the same in every instar, and the growth rate is applicable to GAINES and CAMPBELL's formula the best. In the case of Cryptorrhynchus insidiosus Roelofs, there are the 7th and 8th instar larvae, and in both cases the growth rate applies to GAINES and CAMPBELL's formula and Tokunaga's formula the best. In the case of Monochamus tesserulla white, the number of moulting is not definite, but the 7th, 8th and 9th instar larvae are found. It seems that this variation is due to the influence of temperature, humidity and nourishment. The growth rate applied to GAINES and CAMPBELL's formula the best in the 7th and 8th instar larvae. Myelophilus piniperda L. have the least individual variations, while Monochamuo tesserul White are most varies both in number of moulting and growth rate, and Cryptorrhynchus insidiosus Roelofs stands between the two. |
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| 内容記述言語 | en | |||||
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| 内容記述タイプ | Other | |||||
| 内容記述 | 4) The development of population of Ipidae was studied using boxes of fixed temperature (30°c, 24°c and 16°c). In the case of Myelophilus piniperda Linnaeus, at 24°c, larva group appears 5-20 days later, pupa group 25 days later and new adult group appears 35 days later, and then flight hole takes place in 40 days. At 16°c, larva group appears 15-45 days later, pupa group 55 days later and adult group appears 65 days later, but the process is not uniform. In the case of Cryphalus fulvus Niijima, at 30°c, larva group appears after the lapse of 5-15 days, and though pupa group is not marked because of the short period, adult group appear in some 20 days and at the same time flight hole takes place. Adults live for about 30 days, and eggs are laid for 20 days. At 16°c, larva group appears 5-30 days later, pupa group 35-40 days later and at the same time adult group appears sporadically. Flight hole takes place on the 45th day, but few of the new adults fly out because of the low temperature. Adults can live for about 40 days, and at the same time eggs are laid little by little. |
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| 内容記述言語 | en | |||||
| 収録雑誌名 |
ja : 鹿児島大学教育学部研究紀要. 自然科学編 en : Bulletin of the Faculty of Education, Kagoshima University. Natural science 巻 14, p. 26-81, 発行日 1962-01-01 |
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| 作成日 | ||||||
| 日付 | 1962-01-01 | |||||
| 日付タイプ | Issued | |||||
| ISSN | ||||||
| 収録物識別子タイプ | PISSN | |||||
| ISSN | 03896692 | |||||
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| 収録物識別子タイプ | NCID | |||||
| NC ID | AN00040261 | |||||
| 出版タイプ | ||||||
| 出版タイプ | VoR | |||||
| 出版タイプResource | http://purl.org/coar/version/c_970fb48d4fbd8a85 | |||||
| NDC | ||||||
| 主題Scheme | NDC | |||||
| 主題 | 486 | |||||
| 公開者・出版者 | ||||||
| 出版者 | 鹿児島大学 | |||||
| 出版者言語 | ja | |||||
| 公開者・出版者 | ||||||
| 出版者 | Kagoshima University | |||||
| 出版者言語 | en | |||||
